Immune Support for Athletes: Beyond the Winter Formula

Why it matters: Zinc plays a role in immune cell development and reduces the duration of common colds when taken at the onset of symptoms.
Form choice: Zinc bisglycinate or zinc citrate for better absorption and fewer GI issues compared to zinc oxide.
CMO insight: Over-fortification (>25 mg/day) risks EU upper limits — requires careful dose design.

Why it matters: Helps counter oxidative stress from intense training and supports immune defense.
Synergy: Works best when combined with flavonoids (e.g., from citrus extracts) to extend plasma retention.
Technical challenge: Oxidizes quickly; microencapsulation extends shelf life, especially in sachets.

Role: Traditionally used for immune modulation and reducing the incidence of respiratory tract infections.
Regulatory note: EFSA claims are limited — careful wording is needed to remain compliant.
Formulation tip: Standardized extracts ensure consistent polyphenol and alkylamide content for reliable effect.

Why it’s trending: Rich in anthocyanins with antioxidant and immune-modulating properties.
Athlete use case: Ideal in seasonal products, especially for winter endurance events.
CMO insight: Natural deep purple color can enhance visual appeal of powders and gummies without artificial dyes.

Source: Often derived from yeast or oats.
Mechanism: Stimulates innate immune cells, improving readiness against pathogens without overstimulating.
Sports relevance: Shown to reduce upper respiratory tract infection incidence in athletes under heavy training load.